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Battle of Wilkomierz
The Battle of Wilkomierz (also called the ''Battle of Vilkomir'', ''Ukmergė'', ''Pabaiskas'', ''Swienta'' or ''Šventoji'') took place on September 1, 1435 near Ukmergė (Polish: ''Wiłkomierz''), by the Šventoji River in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The word "pabaiskas" is a Lithuanization of the Polish word "pobojowisko", meaning "battle site" and did not come into use until after the battle itself. With the help of military units from the Kingdom of Poland, the forces of Grand Duke Sigismund Kęstutaitis soundly defeated Švitrigaila and his Livonian allies. The battle ended the Lithuanian Civil War (1431–1435) and inflicted major damage to the Livonian Order.〔
==Background==
(詳細はVytautas the Great died without an heir. The Lithuanian nobles elected Švitrigaila, Jogaila's brother and Vytautas' cousin, as the new Grand Duke without consulting with Poland.〔 This violated the Union of Horodło of 1413, and outraged the Polish nobles. Švitrigaila prepared for war and enlisted the Teutonic Knights, Moldavia, and the Golden Horde as his allies. Sigismund Kęstutaitis assumed power in Lithuania when he deposed Švitrigaila in a coup on August 31, 1432. Švitrigaila escaped, established himself in Polotsk, and rallied his supporters from Slavic lands of the Grand Duchy against Sigismund.
The Teutonic Knights secretly supported Švitrigaila chiefly through its branch in Livonia.〔 Švitrigaila and Sigismund were now engaged in a destructive civil war. In December 1432 their armies fought in the Battle of Ašmena; Švitrigaila was defeated, but the victory was not decisive.〔 In 1433 together with the Livonian knights, Švitrigaila raided Lida, Kreva, Eišiškės and devastated the surrounding areas near Vilnius, Trakai, and Kaunas.〔 After Jogaila's death in 1434, the Teutonic Knights resumed their war against Poland.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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